Bench-plane



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Shgefi I.

J A. TRAUT BENCH PLANE.

No. 294.825. Patented Mar. 11, 1884.

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(ModeL) Q 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 2;.

' J. A. TRAUT.

BENCH PLANE.

No. 294,825. Patented Mar. 11, 1884.

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Mrs *rlrrns FYFI .A'rnNr BENCH-PLANE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,825, dated March 11, 1884.

I Application filed October 17, E83. (Modem T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUsrUs A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench-planes. In my improved plane I combine a beading and center-beading tool, plow, dado, fillister and rabbet, matching-tool, and slitting-tool. v

The objects of my improvement are to render the combined tool simple in construction and convenient to change from one form to another, and to improve its working in many particulars when changed. I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my tool'arranged for use as a plow. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of detached parts on line 2 z of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, showing the reverse side of said plow as compared with Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the same on line m x of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a reverse plan view of my plane arranged for use as a matching-tool. Fig. 6 is a vertical section thereof on line 1 y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a detached portion of the stock, showing the adjustable spur. Fig. 8 is a like View of the same as set in a different position, so as to throw the spur out of action; and Figs. 9 and 10 are like views, of a modified form of the same. i

My convertible or combination tool consists of three principal parts-via, the two parts of the stock and the gage or fence. These parts are found in a prior patent to myself, dated March I, 1873, and the changes herein described in those parts may be considered in the nature of an improvement upon the plane shown in said patent.

I make the parts A and B of the double stock mainly of cast metal, and with thin steel blades a a secured thereto. These I prefer to let into a rabbet upon the inner faces of the parts A B, and with a dovetailed or overhanging upper surface for said rabbet, the upper edges of the blades being correspondingly formed, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. I secure these blades to the parts A B by means of screws or rivets b. The lower edges of these blades, upon their inside corners, may be beveled off, as shown, in order to adapt the blades for use in connection with a beading-cutter. By thus making the blades or lower edges of the stock of steel, the stock may be made much lighter than a cast-iron stock, while at the same time it is stronger. I am also enabled to make said blades much narrower, and thereby I adapt the device for use with a much narrower cutter than has heretofore been practical. I11 fact, they may be made so thin as to adapt the tool for use with a cutter only oneeighth of an inch in width.

As in prior implements of this class, the part A of the stock is provided with gage or fence rods 0, for connecting and adjusting the two parts of the stock, and also for adjusting and holding the gage or fence D in proper posi* tion relatively to the stock. Instead, how ever, of providing this fence with only one set of holes for the rods 0, I provide two sets of holes or sockets, c, and I arrange the fastening-screw (1 intermediate between said two holes or sockets, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 2, and I slightly bevel the end of the set-screw (1, so that it will impinge upon the rod 0 and hold the same, whether it be in the upper or lower one of the sockets c. This con struction of the fence enables it to be placed higher up on the stock for certain uses, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, or so as to come lower down relatively to the bottom of the stock, as shown in Fig. 6.

I have herein illustrated the cutters d e as held in place by means'of the clamp-bolt f, as shown and described in my prior patent, before referred to, but any other ordinary clamping mechanism may be substituted therefor.

Upon the outside vertical faces of the blades a a, at any suitable point thereon, but pref erably a little in front of the throat, as shown in Fig. 3, I arrange spurs g, for use'in connection with a plow or dado, the uses of such spurs being well known. I place these spurs in a circular depression so located with reference to the edge of the stock that it runs out at the lower edge. The spur proper is formed as a radial arm of a thin steel hub or disk,

having a pivotal screw, it, passed through its center into the center of the circular recess in the sides of the blades a a. I prefer to form upon this rotary spur three other arms, as shown, two of which act in connection with a stationary stop, '1 3y loosening the screw 11. the spur may be thrown so as to project directly downward from the bottom of the stock,

in which position it is stopped by contact of one of the arms with the stop 2', as shown in Figs. 3 and T, in which position it maybeheld by tightening the screw 1:. The stop, however, in connection with the pivotal screw 11, is in such position as to receive the thrust or workingstrain which comes upon the spur y in driving the tool forward, so that it is only necessary to tighten the screw it sufiiciently to prevent the spur from working out of place when the plane is drawn backward. Vhcn it is desired to throw the spur wholly out of action, it is only neecssaryto loosen the screw and turn the spur forward until another one of the arms strikes the stop 1', as shown in Fig. 8, when the screw may be tightened sufficientl y to hold the rotatory spur in said position. If desired, all four of the arms on this spur-disk may be sharpened, so that by loosening the screw far enough to let the arms slip by the stop, either ofsaid arms may be brought downward so as to project below the lower edge of (1, whereby a sharp and fresh cuttingspur can be brought into action in case the one first set in position for action by any means becomes impaired.

In 9 and 11) I have shown a modification of the spur-disk, and the manner ofholding it in the stock. Instead of the circular recess before described, I sink a star-shaped depression or recess in the side of the stock, the lower part of which recess, as in the former case, extends to the lower edge of the stock. The spur-disk is substantially the same as before, except that I either make one short arm or make only three arms to radiate from. the hub. I employ the same central fasteningscrew; but instead of the stop 13 being formed separately in the form of a pin, and subsequently secured to the stock, the eccentric shape of the edge of the recess enables the walls thereof to perform the functlon of a stop to prevent the spur from rotating in either direetion.

In order to set the spur y in position for action, it is placed so as to extend downward and project below the bottom face of the stock, as shown in Fig. 9; or in case all of the arms are sharpened, the spur-disk may be set with either of its arms extended downward, as may be desired. In order to throw the spur out of action, it is only necessary to loosen the screw enough to let the spur-disk come forward out of the recessthat is, out of engagement with its stopand then partially revolve on the central screw, so as to bring the short arm or side having no arm toward the bot-tom face of the stock, and then drop the spur-disk into its recess and tighten the screw, as shown in Fig. 10. In like manner the spur-disk may he changed to bring either arm of the spur into action.

E, Figs. 2, 3, and 5, designates a deptlrgage of ordinary construction, and consequently adescription is unnecessary.

F designates a slitting-knife vertically adjustable within a suitable seat upon the part A of the stock, for use in connection with a plowstock substantially as shown and described in the patent to Iiapplcye, X0. 266,519, October 24-, 1882. In connection with this slittingknite I employ another deptltgage, G, Figs. 3 and 5, and fasten the same in place by the same screw and nut which secure the slitting-knife F. I have shown the depth-gage E as placed in the main part A of the stock, (said part being that which carries the handle and rods 0 0;) but I provide the sliding part B of the stock with asocket, 7., and set-screw m, as shown in Fig. 2, to receive and hold said gage when desired.

Having described the general construction of the parts, I will now describe the manner of using my improved plane for the several purposes hcreinbeforc named. For all of these various uses, except in using the plow with a very narrow cutter, both parts of the stock are used together, and it is not necessary that any of the parts hereinbcfore described shall remain detached for using my plane as any of the ibregoing-named tools, except the dado, and for heading in the middle of a wide surface.

In order to use my plane as a heading and "center-beading tool, I insert and fasten the proper-shaped cutter, bringing the two parts of the stock together, and placing the depthgage in the part A of the stock, the fence or gage 1) being preferably set with the rod C in the lowest sockets, so as to bring the gage at the highest point, as shown in Fig. 4'. If the bead is to be formed at a distance from the edge of the board greater than that to which the gage may be adjusted, said will have to be removed and a suitable strip fastened upon the board to gage by, the same as with other beading-tools. jhor beading crosswise with the grain, the spurs should be thrown into cutting action.

For use as a plow, a cutter is selected of a desirable width and clamped in place, the two parts of the stock brought together, the depthgage properly adjusted, the fence I) being secured as shown in Fig. t, and the spurs brought into position for acting. I iy placing the gage for the plow higher up with reference to the bottom of the stock, instead. of lower down, as shown in Fig. (5, it can be made to gage the work much more properly, and to steady the plow against tippingover sidewise, because it will bear against the edge of the surface of the work to its extreme upper edge, even after the cutters have plowed to a considerable depth, whereas with a gage set low down, as shown in Fig. 6, that portion of the edge surface of the work which is above the lower end of the cutter is also above the top edge of the gage, so that said portion of the surface can furnish no support whatever against the tool tipping over sidewise. The broken lines in Fig. 4. indicate apiece of work that has been plowed a distance about equal to half the depth of the gage D, and shows the relative position of the gage and stock thereto. Ifa cutter is to be used whose width is less A than that of the combined thickness of the blades a a, the removable part Bof said stock and its blades or must be removed. The re maining part A may then be used with a cutter of practically the same width as the thickness of the blade a. v

For a dado, the fence or gage -D is wholly removed, a suitable cutter is inserted in place, and the two parts of the stock brought together, the depth-gageEis secured and properly adjusted within the sliding part B of the stock, and the spurs 9 set for cutting action.

For a 'fillister and rabbet, a cutter of the desired width is selected and properly secured within the stock, the depth-gage is placed in the part A of the stock, and the fence or gage D secured by passing the rods 0 through the upper sockets of said gage, as shown in Fig. 6.

For a slitting-tool, the knife F is properly adjusted and the tool used in the manner set forth in the patent to Rappleye hereinbefore specified. The bottom gage, G, may also be used in connection therewith,if desired. This gage may also be brought down into position -tool, and is provided with a depth-gage, a,

secured directly to the cutter. This cutter is shown herein merely to show my plane as adapted for a matching-tool, and said cutter of the bit will project laterally upon both sides of the stock, at the bottom part thereof, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The gage or fence D is placed in its lowermost position, so that it may slide under the cutting-edge of the cutter and-bottom edge of the stock, as shown in Fig, 6. This enables me to adjust the gage to a point from the middle of the cutter a'distance equal 'to half the thickness of the board to be tongued, and when so adjusted the tongue formed on the board by this matching-tool will always be exactly in the middle, and this can be accomplished with the use of only one cutter in any board whose thickness is not greater than the width of the cutter at its lower end, and which is not so narrow as the space between the blades a a, or, in other words, the longitudinal groove in the bottom face of the stock. By thus making the cutting end of the cutter wider than the span of the blades a a or working-face of the'stock, I can with a single cutter centrally tongue boards of different thicknesses within the limits before named.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of the gage-rods C C of a bench-plane, the gage or fence D, having two sets of socketsone above the other-and suitable means for fastening said gage upon said rods, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of gage-rods C O, a suitable gage or fence having double sockets for the reception of said rods, and a setscrew arranged intermediately between the sockets and adapted to clamp the rods when placed in either one of the sockets, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the stock and the rotatory cutting-spur adapted to project below the edge of the stock, or to be carried up above said edge by turning it upon its axis, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4.. The combination of the stock, the rotatory spur pivoted thereto, and a suitable stop for limiting the rotation of said spur during the forward movement of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the stock, the spur- .disk having radial arms, the adjustingscrew, by means of which said disk is secured to the stock, and a suitable stop for preventing said spur-disk from rotating on said screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TR AUT. \Vitnesses:

JAMEs SHEPARD,

J OHN EDWARDS, Jr. 

